wiki/FAQ: Describe hybrid GPU laptop external monitor lag

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Ivan Molodetskikh
2026-04-16 21:09:36 +03:00
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### How to fix lag on external monitors connected to a hybrid GPU laptop?
Hybrid GPU laptops (which have both an integrated and a discrete GPU) generally connect the external monitor port to the discrete GPU.
Meanwhile, the built-in monitor is connected to the integrated GPU, and the integrated GPU is used for rendering by default.
This is good and expected because the integrated GPU uses significantly less battery compared to the discrete GPU.
However, this means that niri has to render the external monitor contents on the integrated GPU, then copy them over to the discrete GPU for display.
On some laptops this can cause lag and stuttering (it gets worse with monitor resolution and refresh rate).
If your laptop has a MUX switch—usually a GPU toggle in the UEFI settings—then you can switch it to use the discrete GPU, then niri will render on the discrete GPU, and the external monitor won't lag.
Otherwise, you can try configuring niri to render on the discrete GPU via the [`render-drm-device`](./Configuration:-Debug-Options.md#render-drm-device) debug option.
Keep in mind that using the discrete GPU for rendering will make the laptop's battery deplete much faster.
### How to run X11 apps like Steam or Discord?
To run X11 apps, you can use [xwayland-satellite](https://github.com/Supreeeme/xwayland-satellite).